|
鞍山翻譯公司關(guān)鍵字：(1) 50 years to 80 years of experience come to reform, to improve the efficiency of resource allocation must be carried out outside the system reform, it must first develop the market pricing approach.
The formation of two-track thinking devolution of power to the state-owned enterprise reform (76 years -80 years) after the failure of the lessons learned, is the reference price reform in rural areas (79 years -84 years) after the successful experience of the inevitable conclusion. Following a review by the reform process, specifying that:
From 1958 -1978 years, the implementation of decentralization to local governments for the purpose of "institutional decentralization reform" of the expansion of enterprise autonomy, improve microeconomic efficiency as the goal of "state-owned enterprise reform (1976-1980)", 80 years ago in China reform is almost repeated failure. Especially 76 years -80 years of state-owned enterprises reform, enterprise reform purely for (the expansion of enterprise autonomy) without the support of economic reform (such as price reform), so that enterprises can not be flexible and timely price signals guidelines, the results will not only promote can not be business efficiency, but also easy to make economic chaos. Therefore, this period of reform, so that people come to realize in practice, want to push forward reform, promote the efficiency of resource allocation, in addition to promoting internal reform of state-owned enterprises, but also must have a well-functioning market pricing mechanism as an external aid, which must be firmly the traditional pricing mechanism reform plan. To "develop and expand the market pricing mechanism," as the goal of the "dual system" is difficult to implement in the state-owned enterprise reform, need to cultivate the market pricing mechanism in the context of the formation, it is the failure of state-owned enterprises reform and lessons learned.
Review of China's reform process, the 1950s to the 1970s, China's reform is basically taking the "reform within the system" of roads, namely the maintenance of the planned economy as the leading part of the institutional framework of decentralization. 1958, 1978, as many "system down", but the result is a "and disorder", "one died." After smashing Gang of Four in 1976, quite a few economists, such as Sun Yefang, Ma, Jiang Yiwei, Dong and others affected by the Yugoslav "self-enterprise" system effects, to promote China's reform of state-owned enterprise reform should focus on, first solve the micro-efficiency the problem. "Expanding enterprise autonomy" has become the mainstream of intellectual economy during this time. By academic thinking, beginning in 1978, Sichuan had a "expansion of enterprise autonomy," the pilot reform. Although the "extended rights" within a reform in the first several months of pilot enterprises increased significantly increase production workers' enthusiasm, but the limitations of this approach was soon shown. Overall, the reform of the enterprise to expand its powers only pay attention to how the "extended rights" to promote micro-enterprise economic efficiency, but did not notice the "extended rights" to match the external economic environment (such as price system) reform, therefore, this change in the overall framework of the planned economy under the conditions improve, "active" approach is not necessarily conducive to the effective allocation of social resources.
The constant practice of "trial and error" to make people come to realize that "plan" the importance of reform. Reform must be matched to, want to promote the efficiency of the individual micro-, we must first provide a quick and flexible pricing mechanism. Therefore, price reform has become a top priority to promote a comprehensive reform of the economy.
|